Journey to the end of the Earth Question Answer
Journey to the end of the Earth Question Answer
Class 12 English Supplementary Reader – Journey to the end of the Earth Question Answer
Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. How did the author reach Antarctica ?
Ans. They travelled over 100 hours in combination of a car, an aeroplane and a ship. In the way, they reached Antarctica.
Q.2. What was the wonder author realized reaching Antarctica ?
Ans. Expansive white landscape and uninterrupted blue horizon and its immensity and isolation was wondrous about Antarctica.
Q.3. What was Gondwana ?
Ans. Six hundred and fifty million years ago, a giant amalgamated southern supercontinent Gondwana did indeed exist, centered roughly around the present day Antarctica.
Q.4. How is the present globe shaped which we know today ?
Ans. Gondwana was forced to separate into countries. The globe was shaped much as we know it today. A cold circumpolar current was created.
Q.5. What can be the mind – boggling thing about the history in a million years ?
Ans. When we think about all that can happen in a million years, it can get pretty mind boggling. Imagine India frushing northwards, Jamming against Asia to buckle its crust and form the Himalayas, South America drifting off to join North America.
Q.6. What is a chilling prospect for the author ?
Ans. Tishani Doshi is a sun worshipping South Indian and for her to spend two weeks in a place where 90 % of earth’s total ice volumes are stored is a chilling prospect, not just for circulatory and metabolic function, but also for imagination.
Q.7. What does one feel in Antarctica ? How is it captured visually ?
Ans. By visiting the Antarctica we can understand the earth’s past, present and future. A visit there can teach the next generation to understand and value our planet. Antarctica also holds within its ice – cores half million years old carbon records which help us to study climatic changes by global warming.
Q.8. What is the achievement of human beings during the duration of 12,000 years ?
Ans. Humans have been on this earth for about 12000 years and have created a havoc and rocks on this earth. They have done this by encroaching on nature and establishing cities and megacities. Their increasing population has depleted natural resources and their callousness towards nature has led to a rise in global temperature.
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Q.9. How can we study and examine the Earth’s past, present and future ? How Antarctica plays a significant role in it ?
Ans. If we visit to Antarctica we shall be able to understand the present, past and future of the earth. Our next generations can understand the value of our planet. Antarctica holds within its ice – cores half million years old carbon records which help us to sludy Climatic changes.
Q.10. What was the ‘Students on Ice’ programme ?
Ans. The programme was “students on ice ” with the motive to give high school students, the educational opportunity to do the study of Antarctica.
Q.11. Who was Geoff Green ? What did he offer to the students ?
Ans. Geoff Green was a Canadian explorer and educator, and the founder of the programme, “students on ice”. He started to include the learners, willing person and school students for the mission and it was also an opportunity for beginners to study more and more about our planet and ecosystem.
Q.12. What was the reason of the success of the programme ‘Students on Ice’ ?
Ans. The programme became so successful because its impossible to go any where near the south pole and not be affected by it. Through this programme students got the educational opportunities.
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Q.13. What is photosynthesis ?
Ans. The process of converting light energy into chemical energy by plants is called photosynthesis.
Q.14. What did the ‘Shokalskiy’ the vessel manage when they reached at 65.55 degrees south ?
Ans. The Shokalskiy had managed to wedge herself into a thick white stretch of ice between the peninsula and Tadpole island which was preventing us from going any further. The [ captain decided we were going to turn around and head back, north, but before we did, we were all instructed to climb down the gangplank and walk on the ocean.
Q.15. How many members reached at Antarctica and what did they find there ?
Ans. There were all 52 of us, kitted out in Gore – Tere and glares, walking on a stark whiteness that seemed to spread out forever. Underneath our feet was a metre – thick ice pack, and underneath that, 180 meters of living, breathing, salt water. In the periphery crabeater seals were stretching and sunning themselves on ice flows much like stray dogs will do under the shade of a banyan tree.
Q.16. How did the author travel to Antarctica ?
Ans. The author travelled to Antarctica on a Russian reasearch vessel’ Akademik Shokalskiy He travelled over 100 hours in combination of a car, an aeroplane and a ship. Thus he reached Antarctica after covering a long distance.
Q.17. What surprised the author most about Antarctica ?
Ans. The author got the knowledge that India and Antarctica were once part of the same landmass. This fact surprised him most about Antarctica as at present the climate of these places is altogether different. He was also surprised at its iinmensity and its isolation.
Q.18. What were the climatic conditions of Gondwana ?
Ans. The climate of Gondwana was warm enough. This climate hosted a huge variety of flora and fauna. There existed mammoth animals such as dinosaurs and woolly rhinos in that climate. There was no existence of human beings then.
Q.19. And for humans, the prognosis isn’t good. What does the line signify ?
Ans. Antarctica is a place where we can study the earth’s past as well as the present. Our future can also be guessed on seeing the ill effects of global warming here. The study of this place makes it clear that the world is heading towards a great danger. Thus, the prognosis is not good for humans.
Q.20. In what ways have the humans established dominance over nature ?
Ans. Humans have inhabited villages, towns, cities and megacities. In the process of doing so, they have destroyed forests, mountains and other natural places. They are using natural resources at their will. Thus, they have established dominance over nature.
Q.21. Why is increasing the average global temperature ?
Ans. We humans are burning fossil fuels thoughtlessly This has created a blanket of carbon dioxide around the world. The ozone layer that exists between the sun and our atmosphere is depleting day by day. This is increasing average global temperature.
Q.22. What makes Antarctica a crucial element in the study of climatic change ?
Ans. Antarctica holds half – million year old carbon records in its layers of ice. Besides, this is the only place in the world which has never sustained human population. This makes it a crucial element in the study of climatic change.
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Q.23. What was the chief aim of the’ Students on Ice programme ?
Ans. The chief aim of this programme was to make students aware of the danger of global warming. It would help them foster a new understanding and respect for our planet. On the basis of this understanding, they would frame policies accordingly in future.
Q.24. In what way did the programme ‘Students on Ice’ become successful ?
Ans. The students on this programme visibly saw glaciers retreating and ice – caps falling. This made them feel that the threat of global warming was real. Thus the programme became successful in giving them a life changing experience.
Q.25. How is Antarctica the perfect place to study environmental changes ?
Ans. Antarctica has quite a simple ecosystem. It lacks biodiversity. But in the past , it fostered a variety of flora and fauna. For this reason, it is the perfect place to study environmental changes. It shows how small changes in environment can have big repercussions.
Q.26. What makes one lose all earthly sense of perspective and time in Antarctica ?
Ans. Antarctica is devoid of any human markers. There are no trees, billboards or buildings. There is no sense of day and night. The place has total silence. The whole place is a huge expanse of ice. Hence, one loses all earthly sense of perspective and time here.
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Q.27. What could be result of the effect of global warming on Antarctica ?
Ans. Global warming can make Antarctica ice – sheet melt. The Gulf Stream ocean current can be disrupted. The water level in seas and oceans can be increased. If this happens, many areas of the earth will be submerged under water. This will mean destruction to the people.
Q.28. What was the objective of the Students on Ice programme ?
Ans. ‘The objective of Students on Ice programme’ was to offer the future generation of policy makers a life changing experience at an early age. At this age the students were willing to learn absorb the information and most importantly act. Mr Geoff Green provided high school students an opportunity to understand and develop a respect for our planet.
Q.29. How did Antarctica amaze the writer when she first saw it ?
Ans. The writer was amazed to see the vastness and isolation of Antarctica. The white beauty of the place left her wonder struck. She wondered how there could have been a time when India and Antarctica were part of the same landmass Gondwana.
Q.30. What was the Akademik Shokalskiy ? Where was it headed and why ?
Ans. Akademik Shokalskiy was a Russian research vessel. It was heading towards the coldest, driest and windiest continent called Antarctica.
Q.31. What happened to Gondwana 650 million years ago ?
Ans. Gondwana was a Southern supercontinent which existed 650 million years ago. But around the time when the dinosaurs were destroyed and the age of mammal got underway, the landmass was forced to separate into continents shaping the world globe much as we know it today.
Q.32. Why is Antarctica important in the study of the history of the Earth ?
Ans. Antarctica is important in the study of the history of the Earth because it holds in its ice – cores half millon year old carbon records trapped in its layers of ice. If we want to study and examine the Earth’s past, present and future, Antarctica is the place to go. Its vast white landscape and blue horizon give scientists a perfect platform to understand the planet’s past, present and future.
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Q.33. How does Antarctica differ from the Earth ?
Ans. There has never been a human existence on Antarctica. There is 24 hours austral light on the planet. The visual scale different ranges from microscopic to the mighty a phenomenon. There are no trees, no bill board , no buildings. Only vast stretches of ice can be seen all around.
Q.34. How is man responsible for creating a ruck us on this Earth in a short span of 12 thousand years ?
Ans. In a short span of human history, man has managed to destroy nature and create villages, towns, cities and megacities. Rapid human population growth and limited resources exert pressure on land. Burning of fossil fuels has only helped in increasing the average global temperature melting of ice – caps depletion of ozone layers and global warming are the real and immediate dangers for making but they have been created by mankind only.
Q.35. What are phytoplanktons ? How are they important for the Earth’s survival ?
Ans. Phytoplanktons is a single – celled grass that feed the entire Southern ocean’s marine life. These micro organisms require a low degree of temperature for their survival. But due to the overheating and depletion of ozone layers, their existence is threatened. The message for the humans is to take care of small things so that, bigger issues or problems will fall in place.
Q.36. How Antarctica will play an important role in the survival of the world ?
Ans. The study and understanding of Antarctica gives us an insight into how the Earth was like before it was forced to separate into continents and countries. Its understanding can make the students realise the danger of global warming. Besides, Antarctica is the ideal place to know how small changes in the environment can have big repercussions.
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